What is magnesium diboride? Superconductivity of magnesium diboride

What is magnesium diboride?

Magnesium boride (MgB2) is an ionic compound with a hexagonal crystal structure. It is an intercalation compound with alternating layers of magnesium and boron.

Superconductivity of magnesium diboride

Among metal materials, multi-band and multi-Fermi surface are a common feature. When the material enters the superconducting state, the superconducting energy gap is generally opened on the Fermi surface, so multiple energy bands will lead to the appearance of multiple energy gaps. In many superconducting materials, the multi-band effect will be greatly weakened due to the extremely strong inter-band scattering. However, in some superconducting materials with quasi-two-dimensional characteristics, multi-band and multi-gap effects will appear due to the orthogonality of electron motion wave functions above different energy bands. The recently discovered iron-based superconductors also exhibit a certain multi-band effect. This is currently an important direction of superconducting materials and physics research.

Magnesium diboride is a typical multi-band superconductor. It has two hole type σ bands, one hole type π band and one electron type π band. Due to the special configuration of the Fermi surface (the π band is three-dimensional and the σ band is quasi-two-dimensional), the wave vectors of electrons in different energy bands are orthogonal, so the band scattering is not very strong, which makes the superconductor more The band characteristics are outstanding. Magnetoresistance is a powerful means to detect the change of electron scattering rate in cyclotron motion, and the Hall effect can detect information such as the number of carriers. Therefore, combining magnetoresistance and Hall effect can deduce the scattering rate of electrons in different energy bands.

Overview of magnesium diboride MgB2 powder

Magnesium diboride is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula MgB2. It is a dark gray insoluble solid. It is an ionic compound with a hexagonal crystal structure. It is an intercalation compound with alternating layers of magnesium and boron. This compound has attracted attention due to its superconductivity at 39 K (-234°C). In terms of composition, MgB2 is significantly different from most transition metal-based low-temperature superconductors.

Scientists have known magnesium diboride for nearly 50 years, but no one has studied the superconductivity of this material—whether it can conduct electricity perfectly without resistance when it is cooled to a temperature close to absolute zero. All this changed in January 2001. Jun Akimitsu of Aoyama Gakuin University in Tokyo announced that he and his team have discovered that magnesium diboride becomes superconducting at 39 degrees Kelvin (-389 degrees Fahrenheit), which is almost the current metal. Twice the conductor temperature. This news made experimenters all over the world scramble to replicate and confirm the Japanese discovery.

Magnesium diboride transforms into a superconductor at a temperature slightly close to the absolute temperature of 40K (-233°C). Its transition temperature is almost twice that of other superconductors of the same kind, and the actual working temperature is between 20-30K. This temperature can be achieved by liquid neon gas, liquid hydrogen or a closed-loop refrigerator. These methods are simpler and cheaper than the industry's use of liquid helium to cool niobium alloys (4K). Once doped with carbon or other impurities, magnesium boride maintains superconductivity as good as niobium in the presence of a magnetic field or current, or even better.

Application of magnesium diboride MgB2 powder

Potential applications of magnesium diboride include superconducting magnets, power transmission lines, and sensitive magnetic field detectors.

Magnesium diboride is a new material that has attracted much attention. The research mainly focuses on the properties of synthesis and superconducting elements, which are used in industrial synthesis and sintering performance, room temperature conductivity, corrosion resistance of aluminum liquid, and corrosion resistance of fluoride. Therefore, MgB2 and its composite materials have Not used to cover the cathode area of aluminum electrolysis.

MgB2 is easier to sinter and densify than TiB2, and its electrical conductivity basically meets the requirements of aluminum electrolytic cathodes. Therefore, MgB2 and its composite materials can be widely used as cathode materials for aluminum electrolysis.

Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics: Unlike elemental boron that burns incompletely through a glass oxide layer that prevents oxygen diffusion, magnesium diboride burns completely in oxygen or oxidant mixtures. Therefore, magnesium boride has been proposed as a fuel for ramjet engines. In addition, for the same reason, it has been suggested to use MgB2 in enhanced explosives and propellants.

Price of Magnesium Diboride MgB2 Powder

The price of magnesium diboride varies randomly with factors such as production costs, transportation costs, international conditions, exchange rates, and changes in supply and demand in the MoB2 market for molybdenum boride powder. Tanki New Materials Co., Ltd. aims to help various industries and chemical wholesalers find high-quality, low-cost nanomaterials and chemicals by providing a full set of customized services. If you are looking for magnesium diboride materials, please feel free to contact for the latest magnesium diboride prices.

Suppliers of magnesium diboride MgB2 powder

As a global supplier of magnesium diboride, Tianki New Materials Co., Ltd. has extensive experience in the performance, application and cost-effective manufacturing of advanced engineering materials. The company has successfully developed a series of powder materials (including oxides, carbides, nitrides, single metals, etc.), high-purity targets, functional ceramics and structural devices, and provides OEM services.